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Major cell structures and processes shared across introductory biology courses.
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1. What does the plasma membrane do?
Selectively controls movement of substances into and out of the cell
2. Where is most DNA stored in a eukaryotic cell?
The nucleus
nucleus
3. What is the main function of ribosomes?
Protein synthesis
Make proteins
4. What is the main function of mitochondria?
Produce ATP through cellular respiration
5. What do chloroplasts do?
Carry out photosynthesis
6. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids
7. What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum help produce?
Proteins for secretion or membranes
8. What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesize?
Lipids
9. What do lysosomes contain?
Digestive enzymes
10. What is the cytosol?
The fluid portion of the cytoplasm
11. What gives plant cells structural support outside the membrane?
The cell wall
cell wall
12. What is diffusion?
Net movement from higher concentration to lower concentration
13. What is osmosis?
Diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
14. What is ATP's primary cellular role?
Transfer usable energy for cellular processes
15. What does cell theory state about new cells?
All cells come from preexisting cells